= GNU Tools Reloaded = title: "GNU Tools Reloaded" page: http://www.guckes.net/talks/gnu_tools.txt page: http://www.guckes.net/talks/gnu_tools.html Latest change: Fri Nov 11 14:23:42 CET 2016 "some GNU tools explained.." = description = show some GNU tools by examples. practical stuff for everyday use. = BEGIN = welcome! :-) "wir können über alles sprechen - aber nicht über 40 minuten." "we can talk about anything - but not about/over 40 mins." so.. 40mins first.. then a PAUSE. then another 40mins. and Q&A. and maybe more in another room if you are interested in more. download this file with: $ wget http://www.guckes.net/talks/gnu_tools.txt send questions to: Sven Guckes mailto:gnu_tools@guckes.net here we go.. = SHELL = bash and zsh moving the cursor, deleting+inserting, kill ring.. see also: http://www.guckes.net/Setup/bashrc == moving about == CTRL-A CTRL-E CTRL-B CTRL-F ALT-B ALT-F == deleting == CTRL-W CTRL-K CTRL-U == inserting == CTRL-Y from "kill ring": ALT-Y ALT-Y .. == last word == inserting last word from last line -> M-. (meta-dot) == clear == presentations of commands on an 80x25 terminal is usually too small to be readable on videos. so - use a bigger font, a shorter prompt - and clear the screen for every new command/context. $ clear clears the screen drawback: [-] *six* keys to type! [-] this adds an extra command to the history CTRL-L: [+] only 1.5 keys to type. [+] does clear the screen. [+] *keeps* the input! [+] no extra entry in history. == exit == exiting the shell: $ exit [+] should work for all shells. :-) [-] five keys to type. :-( alternative: CTRL-D [+] only 1.5 keys to type. \o/ catch: must be given as *first* character of input. bash: IGNOREEOF == prompts == changing prompt from long to short: zsh> bash 4.3.30 guckes@kudu:~> echo $PS1 \V \u@\h:\w> zsh: alias __="PS1='%n@%m:%4c%1v> '" alias _='PS1='\''$ '\' switch to short prompt. [zsh] guckes@kudu:~> _ $ ... zsh> __ guckes@kudu:~> = Jobs = zsh> bindkey -s '^z' "fg\r" $ sleep 42 ^Z $ ^Z == Event Designators == $ touch filename $ ls filename $ !! -h $ !! -l zsh: inline expansion of "!!" alternative: $ touch filename $ ls filename $ ls M-. -hl "grouped switches": "-hl" $ mount /dev/foo /foo mount: only root can do that $ sudo !! == substitution == "^foo^bar" $ systemctl start dienst $ ^start^status s^...^...^ $ systemctl status dienst TODO add function to make that substitution see also: man bash -> "Event Designators" == HISTORY == bash: export HISTIGNORE=\ "bg:cd:date:df:du:exit:fg:ll:ls:pwd:rehash:source:su:sudo:top:w" == pwd == might be a built-in: $ which -a pwd pwd: shell built-in command /bin/pwd pwd: options -L and -P guckes@kudu:~/.P> pwd -L /home/user/guckes/.P guckes@kudu:~/.P> pwd -P /home/www/guckes/public_html = echo = option "-n": "no newline" $ echo -n foo; echo bar foobar = env = just the variable names: $ env | sed 's/=.*//' $ env | sed 's/=.*//' | sort = less = $ man less | grep -A 1 NAME NAME less - opposite of more configuration: see also: http://www.guckes.net/less/index.html 19:45 PAUSE 19:57 cont.. = man = $ man -k less $ apropos less option "-r": regular expression $ apropos -r less$ $ apropos -r '^vi' | sort | less +/vi = mount = mount? mnt! alias mnt='mount | column -t | less -S' = od = "od - dump files in octal and other formats" option -a -> ASCII $ od -a filename $ xxd filename (comes with vim) $ bvi filename binary editor = shuf = choose 6 random values from 1 to 49: $ seq 49 | shuf -n 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------- BIGGER PROGRAMS ------------------------------------------------------------------- = inxi = $ inxi -nb http://code.google.com/p/inxi/ https://storage.googleapis.com/google-code-archive-source/v2/code.google.com/inxi/source-archive.zip admins: please install! :) = mutt = display-filter! color for index and body - "bunt ist meine lieblingsfarbe" list-reply save-hook bedingung ~/Mail/foo + tag-prefix -> "save all tagged messages" signatures: :r ~/.signature :r ~/.sig.linuxhotel signature file -> extraction via agrep/awk and now... neomutt! = screen = multiple views of the same session copy mode exchange file (readbuf, writebuf) hardcopy monitor for activity monitor for silence multi-user mode -> <ad> screen training </ad> 20:48 PAUSE 20:53 cont.. = vim = i_CTRL-D + foo() i_CTRL-T (de)indent current line macro recording regexes -> takes time! :options abbreviations: dddd -> YYYY-MM-DD [uses strftime()] mappings: ,, -> :w dG "delete to end" -> talk on "small commands" :r!command -> read in output of "command" after current line !!date -> replace current line with output of "date" >> -> shift current line g? -> rot13 gq -> zitierten text umbrechen in emails :g/RE/ s:foo:bar :v/./d == vimdiff == editing /etc/passwd -> <ad> vim training </ad> 21:37 ENDE = zsh = == global aliases == alias -g G='| grep' G grep GG grep --color S sort W wc -l H head only T tail only L catch with less U catch with urlview V catch with vim P pipe oooon! \o/ -> command1 P command2 -> <ad> zsh training </ad> = Contact = comments? questions? contact me! :-) Sven Guckes gnu_tools@guckes.net gpg keys: 1024R/57F77F09 and 8000R/0185391B = Events = when+where has it happened? 2016-11-10 Do 19-21h @LinuxHotel https://pad.linuxhotel.de/p/cli = Links = https://wiki.lpi.org/wiki/LPIC-1#Topic_103:_GNU_and_Unix_Commands bash echo env export pwd set+unset man uname history .bash_history cat cut expand fmt head join less nl od paste pr sed sort split tail tr unexpand uniq wc = TODO = smore more ideas.. find: find . -xdev -type f -print0 | sort -z | xargs -0 cksum > /run/cksum.backup mkdir: option -p shell: reverse-i-search CTRL-R and CTRL-S shell: alias dfg -> df -h shell: exec $SHELL sort: option "-u" -> unique uniq: option "-c" -> count alias laststats="last|sed 's/ .*//'|sort|uniq -c|sort -n -r|less" TODO gnuplot! get data from US elections. TODO add a few tasks for the audience. "make them *work*." ;-) $ grep change: gnu_tools.txt $ wc -l gnu_tools.txt vim: set et fenc=latin1 ft=sven tw=999 nowrap: THPXRF EOF