Sven Guckes: "[Vim] Small Commands - only a few keystrokes away.." https://events.titanpad.com/51 http://www.guckes.net/talks/vim.small_commands.txt http://www.guckes.net/talks/vim.small_commands.txt.html (with syntax colors) Latest change: Sa Nov 29 18:00:00 CET 2014 = talk = title: Small Commands author: Sven Guckes motto: "only a few keystrokes away.." url: http://www.guckes.net/vimberlin/small_commands.txt . http://www.guckes.net/vimberlin/small_commands.txt.html = abstract = this starts with "jump commands" which simply move the cursor, so trying this should not change any of the text within. then there are some changes, usually deletions, because you should be able to see the difference to the text. the dot commands repeats the last change.. very powerful! you should also know some commands in visual mode and for managing windows because these are handy. of course there are a lot more topics - but this is about small commands, ie only a few keystrokes away. i use all of these many times with every editing i do. enjoy! = jumps = jumps: moving/positioning the cursor (within the current window) jumping by one character/line: hjkl jump left/down/up/right picture: ^ | <--hjkl--> | v 0 jump onto first character ("column zero") $ jump onto last character (mnemonic?) :help vimtutor :h vimtutor jump to begin-of-word (BOw) and end-of-word (EOw): b jump to previous BOw e jump to next EOw w jump to next BOw jump to begin-of-word (BOW) and end-of-word (EOW): B jump to previous BOW E jump to next EOW W jump to next BOW mind you: bew jump based on *words* ":help iskeyword" BEW jump based on *WORDS* non-blank characters hint: use BEW - it's much nicer! :-) mnemonic for users who know a little german: BEWegen jump to the home, middle, and last line: HML H jump to highest line of current window M jump to middle line of current window L jump to last line of current window jumping onto the next 'X': fX jump onto next character 'X' FX jump onto previous character 'X' t) jump to next character ')' T( jump to previous character '(' example: . foo(X,Y) "search for string" instead of jumping: /foo search for next "foo" ?bar search for previous "bar" search offset: /foo.*bar/b search for next match, placing cursor on beginning /foo.*bar/e search for next match, placing cursor on end find the next match, reusing last search pattern: n jump to next match of last search - in the same direction N jump to next match of last search - in the opposite direction use current word (INcluding word boundaries) to search for: * searches for next match of current word # searches for previous match of current word use current word (EXcluding word boundaries) to search for: g* searches for next match of current word g# searches for previous match of current word went too far? jump back! CTRL-O jump back in jump list CTRL-I jump forward in jump list see also: :help CTRL-O :help :jumps see also: . what is the name of that character, anyway? . http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rautenzeichen . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_sign . http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancelletto :help search-offset = scrolling = idea: dont move the cursor, ie only change the view on the buffer without leaving the current position. scrolling up/down: CTRL-E + CTRL-Y "extra lines" repositioning the current line on the current window: zt move current line to top line zz move current line to middle line zb move current line to bottom line repositioning the current line left/right: note: ":set nowrap" for the following to work! zh move window content to the left zl move window content to the right zH move window content left by half a window width zL move window content right by half a window width see also: :help z paging: paging by full screens: CTRL-B scroll full page backwards (like PgUp) CTRL-F scroll full page forwards (like PgDn) paging by half screens: CTRL-U scroll 1/2 page backwards ("up") CTRL-D scroll 1/2 page backwards ("down") see also: :help scrolloff = switching modes = switch from command mode into INSERT (append/insert/open) mode: aio simply switch.. you know. AIO includes jump to BOL/EOL A $a append at EOL I ^i insert at first non-whitespace you might have expected 'I' to work as '0i' - but inserting at the first non-whitespace is a feature. switch from insert mode to command mode for only the next command: CTRL-O example: ^ jump to first non-whitespace $ jump to end-of-line (EOL) see also: :help i_CTRL-O = changes = effective changes to the buffer content: C c$ change rest of current line D d$ delete rest of current line S cc substitute the current line c0 change to beginning of current line delete from current line to the end of the buffer: dG please use this when editing emails on mailing lists - thankyouverymuch! delete current and next/previous line: dj dk deleting a bunch of lines: 10dd 99dd 9dd 9dj :-) deletes 10 lines, too. d10j prefix to 'j' command delete the current WORD: diW concept: ciw change := delete + insert delete to start/end of current paragraph: d{ delete to start of current paragraph d} delete to end of current paragraph problem: the deletion+jump goes one line too far! vi style: {+ma jump to previous empty line, advance one line, mark with 'a' }-mb jump to next empty line, go back one line, mark with 'b' :'a,'bd "from line marked by 'a' unto line marked by 'b' - "delete"' command line: :?^$?+,/^$/-1d [the above actually leaves two consecutive empty lines] see also: :help ex-cmd-index deleting the current paragraph irrelevant of current position: dap indenting the current paragraph: >ip mapping that to F4: :map >ip deleting inner/all of bracketed text: d i/a ([{<>}]) example: command text ci) this text is (inside of) outside of brackets cit 
  this is preserved text which must be changed
see also: :help text-objects = break/join = breaking the line on a space: r joining lines without a space: gJ example: this line was broken note: vi: no gqv commands vim: gqv commands! :-) = dot! = the DOT command! it repeats the last change command. see also: :help . = visual mode = (1) visually select the text (block/linewise) (2) type 'y' to copy or 'd' to delete viW visualize inner WORD vis visualize inner sentence vip visualize inner paragraph example: Every people deserves the politicians it elects. Corollary: Everybody uses the editor/mailer/program/OS he deserves. example: visual block mode... CTRL-v (plus motion) to move columns of text (very useful in cryptographic puzzles or to shuffle tables) one five six seven eight two three four nine ten one five six seven eight two three four nine ten one five six seven eight two three four nine ten one five six seven eight two three four nine ten one five six seven eight two three four nine ten one five six seven eight two three four nine ten one five six seven eight two three four nine ten = windows = more windows! (*not* vi compatible ;) CTRL-W n :new CTRL-W s :split CTRL-W v :vsplit CTRL-W c :close CTRL-W o :only CTRL-W f HOMEWORK! :-) --- also gf (only if the file exists) example: /etc/passwd see also: :help CTRL-W = end? = :write :w :quit :q :wq :w + :q :x "eXit" only writes when necessary :q! no harm done :qa! no harm done in any buffer but why end with four keystrokes (":wq" + RETURN) or three keystrokes (":x" + RETURN) when you can simply quit with *two* keystrokes?! ZZ If you have four buffers, :qa! beats ZZZZZZZZ ;-) = thanks = this is the official end to this lecture/talk. thank you for listening! :-) would be great to get some feedback. the following stuff is simply to make your mouth water.. ;-) = mappings = mappings assign to keys either other keys or key sequences. a quick way to "save" (:write) the current buffer's contents to its associated file: : map ,, :w :imap ,, :w = filtering = rot13: change text by turning the alphabet by half its size.. :vmap !tr A-Za-z N-ZA-Mn-za-m example: guckes thpxrf now also available internally as "g?" :-) #include talk on filtering with all those tools available on all UNIXish systems.. :% !gawk -f something.awk :. !gawk -f something.awk :'a,'b !gawk -f something.awk = registers = there are *26* clipboards - from 'a' to 'z'! "a use registers 'a' "ap from register 'a' - put "ay into register 'a' - yank "a dap use register 'a' to delete current paragraph into or: cut current paragraph to register 'a' note: when vim shuts down then it can save all of these info to a file and pick them up again at the next startup. Also: persistent undo :set undofile " beware, it generates huge files, but it is very useful see also: :help session-file ideas: include some mapping to copy the current text object to gui clipboard. = command line = :b 23 switch to buffer #23 :e # edit "the alternate file" :r /etc/passwd read/insert contents of file :r !date read/insert output from "date" command :w %.bak write a copy of current buffer to $filename.bak :'<,'>w !wc -c write a copy of the block to "wc" to count characters see also: :help cmdline-special = abbreviations = abbreviations may have a non-constant expansion using an internal function: iab Ytime =strftime("%H:%M") iab YDate =strftime("%Y-%m-%d") iab YDATE =strftime("%a %b %d %T %Z %Y") example: Ytime -> 23:42 YDate -> 2012-11-22 YDATE -> Sat Dec 08 23:42:05 CET 2012 = tags = think "bookmarks", ie a word for a position in a filename. the structure of a tags file: abbr/tag TAB file TAB command :ta ta jump into tags file :ta cal jump to the calendar :ta fon jump to phone list :ta sig jump to signatures aside: calendar tool "ccal" -> http://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=ccal it's now a python command! http://ghom.niij.org/ccal.py.git thanks to Michael Zeltner :-) = sessions = "remember, remember.. the 22nd of november.." a session file contains your commands, searches, clipboards/registers, the buffer/file list - and much more! viminfo contents: histories (command line, search patterns, input-line), contents of registers, marks and file-marks, last search/subst pattern, buffer list, global variables. :help session-file :help viminfo-file example: :set vi=\"200,%,'200,/100,:100,@100,f1,h,n~/.vim/viminfo = outlook = suggested topics for more talks: * color schemes / syntax file * command line (:g + :s) * filters * registers * regular expressions * session files * tags please share your knowledge with others! = links = * coloring by sven.vim (todo) * Newsgroup comp.editors (todo) * Sven's vimrc on github (todo) = todo = * tab + detab * :global command what's missing? please tell me! = events = date: 2012-11-22 20:23-21:10 plus q+a until 21:30 group: "VimBerlin" - Vim User Group Berlin announce: http://vimberlin.de/november-2012-meetup/ announce: http://lanyrd.com/2012/vimberlin-2-november/ contact: 2012-11-22-vimtalk@guckes.net date: 2012-12-06 22:23-23:42 plus q+a until 02:42 group: "Metalab" - Hackerspace in Vienna announce: https://www.metalab.at/wiki/2012-12-06_Nikolo_Vim contact: 2012-12-06-vim-small-commands@guckes.net date: 2012-12-13 20-21h group: "progressbar" - Hackerspace in Bratislava announce: http://iPir.at/lcr contact: 2012-12-13-vim-small-commands@guckes.net = TheEnd = Latest change: Thu Dec 27 04:00:00 CET 2012 the previous line can be updated with ",L": map ,L 1G/Latest change:\s*/e+1CYDATE Came to mind: xp [for disgraphic people -- there are many]