= Denk Werk Zeug [E] =

.           Sven Guckes: "Denk Werk Zeug [E]"
            Elektronische Werkzeuge zur Informationspeicherung

== talk ==

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
datetime:   2013-02-04 Mon 16:45-18:30
title:      Denk Werk Zeug E
subtitle:   Elektronische Werkzeuge zur Informationspeicherung
.           (und zur gemeinsamen Bearbeitung)
author:     sven guckes - denkwerkzeuge@guckes.net
seminar:    Denkwerkzeuge im Wissensmanagement (Seminar 32801)
.           at the Institute of Psychology, Humboldt Universitaet Berlin
.           http://tinyurl.com/hub-32801-denkwerkzeuge
url:        http://www.guckes.net/talks/denk_werk_zeug.txt
.           http://www.guckes.net/talks/denk_werk_zeug.html (in color)
.           http://iPir.at/eh7g (alternative)
language:   german.  so why is all in english?  bigger audience.  ;-)
size:       ca 45KB
Latest change: Mon Feb 11 18:16:54 CET 2013
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

== Idea ==

which electronic tools can aid our work (at the computer)
and thus be helpful for our thinking and understanding?

we now can share data easily over the internet enabling
us to collaborate (work together) on the same data,
by copying it to the local maschine, changing them locally,
and copying it back to the shared location (repository).
this knowledge is a key to our common progress.

we can even *see* the others changing the same data.
this can be very exciting!

== Why? ==

so-why-is-this-useful?
"data is the new oil"

books -> libraries
books are now directly accessible. great!
will CD+DVDs die?  will books die? no.
but we will die. (finally something certain. :-P)

the sheer amount of data is important enough
that we have to think about managing it.

  Mitchell Kapor:
  getting off information from the internet
  is like taking a drink from a fire hydrant.

businesses finally have gotten the word,
they are looking for people to manage it -
"knowledge management" (wissensmanagement)
has been created and can be studied. great.

== Information Age ==

i hesitate to use a phrase like "nowadays in information age".
what *is* new about information in "information age", anyway?
information?  no - information has always been around.
i mean, what age had *no* use for information? "srsly"?
havent information always been useful to us?

i claim that home sapiens has always lived in an
"information age".  what's the sapiens for, anyway?

(okay, maybe that was a rant. ;-)

why not say "Data Age"?
(so much shorter, too.)

after all we finally treat all kinds of information
as "data" - and quantify it with "bits&bytes".

== Data vs Information ==

mind you, data is NOT a synonym for information.
data is simply a sequence of bits, zeros and ones.
they can be counted, but "information" is something
different.  "information" is connected to the implied
usefulness and worth.  and that's different for everyone.

== Background ==

so.. i am not from HUB (Humboldt University Berlin),
but from FUB (Free University Berlin).
i didnt study psychology, but
maths and computer science.

in CS we had to talk about code, of course,
so it had to be visible to us, naturally.
therefore "open source" was a requirement.
how else can you talk and learn about it?

so i came to Free Data and Free Software
in a natural way.  can't live without it.

  "free as in freedom, not as in free beer."

i could probably make a living within a world
of proprietary, closed source, keeping the source
away from others, security by obscurity, while being
subjected to restrictive licenses, only to be talked
about after signing NDAs... but I DONT WANT TO.

i choose freedom mainly because i believe
that we must share our thoughts to enable
as many people as possible to help each other
in order to find solutions to problems
as there have always been,
mainly diseases, famine, and war.

the solutions to these problems might be
enclosed in the head of one of those kids
who are threatened by just those problems.
we need to give them all we know, and we
must hope for the best that it will help.

    If you think education is expensive, try ignorance.

we must set free our data, information, and knowledge.

and we must talk about the tools we
already have, and the ones we need.

== Seminar ==

luckily, i do not have to give a talk
on something that is completely new to me.
i can show stuff which i have
many years of experience with.

there is nothing to grade here.
i am here today to show what tools
i have been using and talk about
my personal experience.  yay.

in particular, i have no new info
to look at and grade something
i have no experience with yet.
that's a really hard task to do.

i want to show you some tools i use.
they may be new to you, they might
be interesting, they could be the
alternatives you may rmember, but
maybe they even change your world.

we'll see.  please take a look.

spend some time to ask yourself this
about the texts you get to read:
do i agree with the conclusions of
its author?  what is it worth to me?
please tell the others about it.
it's actually what they would like to hear, too.

so.. here goes:

== Denk ==

denken (de) - to think (en)

think!  why?  "oh, no - not again!"
havent we created machines now
to do that strenuous job for us?

here's what a mathematician said:

  Norbert Wiener:
  http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norbert_Wiener
  The future offers little hope that mechanical
  slaves will offer a rest from thinking.
  Die Zukunft zeigt wenig Hoffnung,
  dass mechanische Sklaven uns eine
  Erholungspause vom Denken geben werden.

so - everyone think for himself.  it (probably)
cannot but done for you by machines.
but tools may be able to assist you.

== Werk ==

Werk (de):
* some task or work to be done.
* the place of work (building).

which is the "werk" (place,task) you work in?
what surrounds you? what do you think about?
what is the goal of it all?  can you reach it
within the given time? what do you need?

which brings us to the "tools":

== Zeug ==

Zeug (de): stuff, tools, utilities.

what are the zeug (tools) you work with?
which tools do you need?
do these already exist?

i shall show some of my tools,
my basic use of data saving&retrievel,
and how they can be used to collaborate
with others across this internet thing.
hopefully they are interesting to you.
decide for yourself.  but
please give them a real try.

then again, when does one do that? and where?
just for yourself - at home?

i suggest asking some others to show them
to you and use them together for a while.
talk about the use and its implications.

where?  at co-working spaces and hackerspaces!

in berlin: betahaus, cccb, c-base, co-up, in-berlin..
-> http://www.hackerspaces.org/wiki/
+  http://hallenprojekt.de/?locale=de

so.. go there, talk to people,
bring your laptop, take a look
over the shoulder of others,
ask questions, talk about problems.

exchange information!  copy knowledge! learn!

== E ==

the 'E' in "DenkWerkZeugE" can simply be seen
as the suffix used for the plural of "tools" here -
from "werkzeug" (singular) to "werkzeuge" (plural).
but here the 'E' also nicely stands for "Electronics".

when did this all start?
well - here is a good outset:

1837: Samuel F. Morse -> wire + electricity + code
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_F._B._Morse

  Margit Knapp:
  Die Überwindung der Langsamkeit.
  Samuel Finley Morse - der Begründer
  der modernen Kommunikation.

so the wire became the medium of transmission,
the electricity in it provided an almost
instant transmission of impulses, and
a sequence of impulses (high/low) was
used to create a code for information.

the sad part of the story is that Finley
(he wasnt called Samuel much, apparently)
had missed the death and funeral of his wife
due to the lag in information transmission
which lay in the transport of letters.

so today information need no longer be attached
to atoms which need to be moved around the world.

information became electronics.

we even measure the data and bits&bytes.
kilobytes became the new "many data".
then it was megabytes, and gigabytes.
today we can buy storage for a
terabyte about the cost of 100euros.
even 3 terabytes for 105euros [2013-02-03]:
http://www.amazon.de/Intenso-externe-Festplatte-5400rpm-schwarz/dp/B007AG1V1Y
(i mean - whoa!)

and now the internet allows us to exchange
information within seconds around the world.
out communication has become blazingly fast!
but do our projects become faster, too?

somehow, the development of humans
seems not to have been kept pace with it.
we still need 10seconds to run 100m
(i still need a minute to walk it), and
new humans require a development time
of 10 months as they did before.

what could be the problem?
our brains still work the same.
it sure it a bottleneck.

so how can we deal with data more efficiently?
one way is changing our bodies and our DNA.  but
i'll leave this for the frankensteins out there.

let's start with the simplest way of storing data:
in files.

== Files ==

taking notes, holding on to sudden ideas, writing articles
and summaries, even books, creating slides..
it's all about letters, words, sentences, paragraphs.

we need good tools for that.
the technical term for such
tools are "text editors".

my choice: Vim.  (why? that's another talk..)

mind you, a compendium has been available in 1996..
and it listed literally *hundreds* of them.

  Roger Nelson: Text Editor Compendium (1996-08-01)
  http://groups.google.com/group/comp.editors/msg/74aa9ce24b41efe3?dmode=print
  http://www.cahe.wsu.edu/~bsyse/faculty/rnelson.html
  http://coopext.cahe.wsu.edu/~bsyse/faculty/rnelson/editors/editors.htm

  Orthodox Editors Page
  http://www.softpanorama.org/Tools/editors.shtml

a good text editor has many commands to assist you
in writing text, and moving bits of it around.
it should be understand the line endings
(EOLs on Macintosh, Unix and Windows),
should be availabe for at least
all of those platforms (cross platform),
give you "undo" commands as well as "redo".

a "community" around it with fast help to
common problems and some documentation, too,
this can definitely help.

did i say it has to be free of charge? no!
sure, i definitely like "free of cost", too.
but mind you, i definitely prefer "freedom".

the classical text editors are still emacs and vim.
check them out *both*.  you will see they are both
monsters in what they have to offer, and their
communities definitely are everywhere.

the rest of the editors are somwhat similar, anyway. ;-)

still.. you write texts.  and the you save them.. where?
you will probabaly give them a filename:

    filename:  idea.txt

and put them into a directory.
some systems come with a basic structure for every user account:

  Bilder   Documents  Dropbox  Music   Pictures  Screenshots  Ubuntu One
  Desktop  Downloads  Misc     People  Public    Templates    Videos

but i prefer short words with lowercase letters:

  bin etc include lib log man pics share txt

my texts go into ~/txt.
yeah.  short. i like that.

then again, whenever i looked back,
i found that an initial date would
have helped me to put the text
into the context of the time.
so i added the date to the filenames and
even expanded on the filenames itself:

    2013-02-04.cool_idea_to_save_the_world.txt

for the snippet now and then when browsing the web
or when watching a video, or listen to a talk,
i simply put all of it into an eternal file.
it started out as a list of signatures i might
want to use in an online conversation, to be
used at the end, with some pointers.
i thought that maybe others might search
for this data/information, so i moved this
file into the ~/public_html directory and
thus it became a "webpage" on its own:

    http://www.guckes.net/sig/SIGS

now almost everything goes in there.

== Hacking ==

1988..  FUB has a scanner now. whoo!
and they offered a seminar on
optical character recognition (OCR), too.
so - automatic recognition of letters..
simply *scan* the stuff - and out
comes a text, simply in characters.
from a picture to text/plain. great!

but we would have to create these programs outselves.
so simply get an account (huh?) on a minix machine (what?),
log in (why?), run an editor (uh-huh) from the shell (excuse mee?),
connect it to this new library from another university
(this has been tested, right?), start the compiler
(ah, yes, heard if that) to create the binary
(you mean program, right?) and - bingo!

we had never used this before, noone really told us
how to use all those tools (google for it? ha!),
the library was pre-alpha and pretty buggy, and
we never found out which of the various data formats
this TIFF output of the scanner really was.

but we got an account on a machine
which was connected to the internet!

you could send messages to yourself (oh-kay),
and to other people on the same machines (fun!),
and to people on other machines anywhere in the world.
DONG!

you could even send files around with
FTP (file transmission protocol/program).
you could find files on anon/public FTP servers.
complete file lists with.. stuff!

you could also *telnet* to other machines
and exchange data through some services.

there were even games.  and one of these
games were Multi User Dungeons (MUDs),
where many people could go about inside
of it through "rooms". and when they met
in the same room they could talk to each other.

a "frontend" program to telnet
(Padrone's MUD Frontend - PMF)
helped to speed up tasks by
creating *aliases* for sequences of commands
(go to pub, drink beer..)
and *actions* for automatic reactions to texts
("you feel very bad" -> run away!).

    http://www.freebsdsoftware.org/net/pmf.html ?
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LPMud
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lars_Pensj%C3%B6

you would gain points by slaying orcs and dragons,
and by solving quests (riddles), some of which
can not be done without the help of others...
you need to coordinate in time, and use
all the communication available to solve them.

and when you arrived at the last level then
a congregation of wizards came together
at a special room to make you a wizard, too.

a wizard.  yay!

but what can a wizard do?
well, he can extend the world
with his own objects. -
*during* the *running* game!

no need to change the code and
then restarting the compiler.
you give commands within the game,
and the objects is loaded into it,
and *exists* - ready to be used.

this was different.
this was interesting.
this did something.

1989:
you could "talk" to another user directly on a
split screen - a one-to-one communication.
there was even a multi-talk which split the
screen horizontally into several sub-screens.
and "ytalk" even allowed to call on
users on another computer for this.
but then every user would occupy
some part of the screen - even
if he didnt say anything at all.
this didnt scale very well.
never talked to more than five
people at the same time.

through 'telnet' we got to use
International Relay Chat (IRC).
when i joined there were already
"channels", so people would only
talk to each other in groups.
this communication was not just
to a few others people - this
was to *thousands* of people.
channels were numbers then.
the folks from finland would
gather on channel #42..

1989-11-09.. the Berlin wall falls..
we chat world-wide to people everywhere
about it..  america, australia, europe
(especially finland where IRC came from),
korea.. "or wall is down!"

sidenote:
a friend who was in japan at the time didnt
have any access to the internet then.  so i
gave him a call - and we talked for an hour.
my mum had to pay the 250DM bill.
she was not amused.

more things got used..
with email you could join mailing lists,
and with a newsreader you could read
newsgroups from a newsserver.

this HTTP thing came.. and
with it came webservers.

FUB probably had the first one in germany.
they also had the first newsserver, too.
it once was placed under our table in the
tutors' room at the math department.

i followed some newsgroups,
espcially those where there was
talk about the programs i used:
comp.editors (on vi),
comp.mail.elm (on elm), and
news.software.readers (on nn).

in the beginning there was "vi imitation".
now by its many improvements it is "vi improved".

and then the penny dropped:
changing code means changing lives.
not just that of gamers, but
those any other kind of people.
hacking into their "real lives".

mind you, "hacking" was never meant nor
even thought of in a bad or illegal way,
but in the real sense of it, ie
finding cool solutions to problems.
adding neat features (command and options)
which allow everyone to be more productive.

i also learnt that "code is the law".
asking for code is basically like
asking both for time and money.
it's probably easier to learn how
to code yourself.  then you learn
how to adapt/change/modify things.
it's a lot like learning to cook.

anyway, during the course of years,
"vi" (NOT open source) slowly
gets replaced by "vim" (Free Software).

now there are many thousand installations.
google has a million linux machines. and
they might all have a version of vim..
so maybe there are millions of installations now.

its license is not GPL itself - but GPL compatible:

  Vim is Charityware.  You can use and copy it
  as much as you like, but you are encouraged
  to make a donation for needy children in Uganda.

so.. i work with vim.  all the time.  every day.

== Work ==

how to work with information?

seminar participants said:
read texts, mark them (on paper) in colour,
take notes, create slides, send files.

-> Colour!

a key feature is using color within text.
you could add special characters in your file
to choose the colour every time yourself,
but for many reasons it is better to
see texts through a program,
like using special "glasses".

and suddenly, text becomes colorful (bunt).

some words are special because the contain
special characters and they follow a structure:

special words:
* email addresses              guckes@guckes.net
* web   addresses (URIs, URLs) http://www.guckes.net/

you can also "mark" words with characters
to indicate them as special:

just words:
* /italic/
* *bold*
* "citation"

reminder: turn on color

and then there are characters around
words which mark them as special:
* headlines   (ueberschiften)
* itemization (aufzaehlungen)

syntax -> structure -> color
example: /etc/passwd /etc/hosts

files with structure:
* code (code von programmiersprachen)
* config (setupdateien)
* commits + logs
* scripts

specials: mgp+tpp
idea: text/plain as source for presentation
http://www.guckes.net/talks/workshop.shell.tpp

colors can make text more readable.

but you also need some support for entering text.
one of these features are abbreviations:

== Abbreviations ==

basic idea: expansion
short word -> long word

but it could even be several words, even parts
of sentences, complete sentences, or paragraphs.

think of hellos&goodbys (salutations & closing lines),
signatures in email, your ToS (Terms of Services),
your phone number, your address (street address,
email, website, facebook page), or
your current favourite quotation.

special cases:
misspelled word -> correct word
the  -> the
also -> also

== Global Features ==

text is in almost every program.
shouldnt every program have the
feature to allow abbreviations?

if so - why add all the code for it to every program?
why not give the code to be used for all programs?
this idea lead to libraries, ie files with code
which can be "linked" to every program.

libraries exist on almost every system.
unix and macintoshs use files in /lib -
and windows makes use of DLLs.

as text editing is a central use of computers,
the Macintosh computers had TeachText in ROM.
but it was limited to text unto 32KB.
so they came up with SimpleText...

today, you might want word expansion everywhere
and TextExpander seems to offer this for the iphone:
https://itunes.apple.com/de/app/textexpander/id326180690?mt=8

but once you have edited your text,
how do you find what you had written?

== Lookup ==

finding data:
using a command line interface (CLI)
such as the shell (bash, ksh, zsh),
the basic idea is to give the command first
and add parameters such as the keyword
and a list of files:

  $ search keyword files...

within "files..." the dots indicate possible *list* of files,
eg "file1 file2 file3 ... fileN".

a single star (*) will be expanded to all filenames
within the current directory by the shell:

  $ search keyword *

so here the search command will use the keyword
to search through all files in the current directory.

the "search" command on Unix systems is called "grep"
which stands for "global regular expression print",
in short ":g/re/p" which is a command within vi (vim).
so we have a utility which was taken from within a tool.

  $ grep finding ~/talks/*denk*

TODO: sharing files across the accessible file systems
TODO: restrictions through permissions and ACL lists
TODO: mounted file systems from other computers, eg Andrew File System

but what if you have distributed your texts to
quite a few different directories on the system?
or if you are the system administrator and a user
has simply forgotten where they have put the files?

here the sys admin definitely may use "indices".

== Indices ==

indices can automatically be created
from the contents of text files.
the software usually runs once a night
and updates whatever is 'interesting'.

a special tool to create an overview
for installed software is "updatedb" -
and access to it is given
through the program "locate".

Glimpse (GLobal IMPlicit SEarch) looks
into files on the complete system,
and can be used on the files
which reside on a webserver.

webglimpse.net

== Search Engines ==

search engines are services which use
the internet to access other sites
and indesx what they can see -
and what they are allowed to see.

search engines have to follow the directions
given in the robots.txt file (yes, a *text* file).
you can tell bing.com and google.com and
basically every other spidering tool what they
are allowed to see by editing that file.

http://www.robotstxt.org/

once the search engines have an index
of the directories on your webserver,
a list of files, and their contents
you can also use them to search for
something on your site.

try eg google with "site:mydomainname".

you can make that info public - or
ask services to spider your webserver,
but only to make the index available
for internal use.

how to find stuff, anyway?
searchlores.org!

local code:
ctags to create an index of special words
within the code, eg identifiers
of functions and variables.
the index files created by ctags
can be used by vim and other editors.

i use a tags file as "bookmarks" for
quick access to some files within my account.

    :tags cal   -> calendar file
    :tags sig   -> signature file aks "notes"
    :tags denk  -> this file on DenkWerkZeugE

vim then switches to the file and
uses the command following it to
access whatever line is necessary.

once you have selected the right file,
you are ready to go.

but what do coders/developers usually do?

== workflow ==

the usual workflow when dealing with source code is a
cycle between editing, compiling, and running the code.

most programmers do not write the code directly in
the language that CPUs/processors understand them.
they use a "higher language" to do that.
this allows for higher flexibility and
hopefully for easier maintenance, too.
(of course you can write bad, and
intelligible code in every language. ;-)

the "compiler" turns the source code
into a sequence of commands of the CPU
so it can actually execute them.

once the program runs again,
it can be tested by people -
or even with another program
which pretends to be a user.
(remember this if you should
ever get into UI/UX..)

mind you, you can run tests,
but there can never be a program
which determins what another program will
ever do in every possible circumstances.
this is simply not possible.  not because
noone has come up with that program yet,
but because it is simply *not* possible.
(mind you, there is a hard line between
"really, really hard" and "impossible".
if you cannot accept this, dont argue
with either computer scientists
or, worse, with mathematicians.)

so this is "the cycle":

  edit, compile, run - repeat.

it is argued that there is more to it, and
it is quite true.  but what have you expected?

changes bring change.  it is confusing.
will you keep every diffenrent state
of a software in your head?  no!

== Versions ==

whenever we change code and it seems to run,
it is a good idea to make a snapshot. but keeping
your own copies can be quite some business.
it can be distracting, and you will make errors.

automating this process results submitting
a copy to a "code repository" which may
be within your own account or online.
sending   a copy is called "checkin" and
receiving a copy is called "checkout".

this brings us to the "three Cs"
for the use of a repository:
* checkout
* changes
* checkin

there are many revision systems:
* rcs (revision control system)
* cvs (control  version system)
* svn (subversion)
* hg  (mercurial)
* git

a little bit of history:
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revision_Control_System

for more see here:
http://biz30.timedoctor.com/git-mecurial-and-cvs-comparison-of-svn-software/
SVN vs Git, Mecurial, and CVS - Compare version control software | Biz 3.0

nowadays, programmers very much like "github"
which is used with the system "git":

  github - "social coding (for all)"
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GitHub

there are many projects hosted on github -
here is a "50 most popular projects" frm 2011:
http://bostinno.com/2011/08/16/githubs-50-most-popular-projects/
one of these is diaspora*! (see below)

as i personally prefer tools with text/plain,
i definitely like "vim" and "zsh":

  janus - Vim for Macintosh
  https://github.com/carlhuda/janus

  oh-my-zsh - zsh configuration - plugins and themes
  https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh

so now that we know about repositories
we would still have to learn how to use
such tools.  it's all so confusing.
isn't there an easier way?

(yes, an "easier way" means use a mouse.
even easier with only one button, right?)

== Sharing ==

dropbox
create an account and install some software -
and, presto, you can share files with others.
you can share with individuals, groups, or everyone.
and the great thing: versioning is included.
no need for you to worry about backups.

you can access your files not only from your
own computer, but from other devices, too.
so you can also change the files from your
smartphone, from a friend's computer,
from work - or from a web cafe.

think of it as an "external hard disk".

and think even more of it as
"accessible anywhere within the internet".
all you need is a device with a connection.

still.. whenever a files changes,
it has suddenly happened.
you do not see the changes happen.
suppose you are in a meeting, and
everyone wants to contribute something
to the minutes (log, protokoll)
right away.  chaos!  what now?
well - pads!

== Pads ==

Pads are also known are Collabrative Real-Time Editors (CRTEs).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_real-time_editor

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etherpad

  Etherpad is a web-based collaborative real-time editor,
  allowing authors to simultaneously edit a text document,
  and see all of the participants' edits in real-time,
  with the ability to display each author's text in their own color.
  There is also a chat box in the sidebar to allow meta communication.

eg www.etherpad.org www.piratepad.net

colorized multi-editing plus chat.

try this:
TODO

== Pastebins ==

TODO http://www.bpaste.net

http://paste.debian.net/

here you can paste your text.
other than in HTML (eg wikis),
the text is not reformatted in any way.
it will keep the EOLs as they are.

here's what to do:

choose a name (ten characters at most, no spaces).
(you may request to be recognized again by a cookie.)

you then assign a *language*, so proper
syntax colouring/highlighting can be applied.

you can assign a *timeout* (1h, 24h, 3d, 90d, never),
so the text will vanish after some time.

and you can mark the text as "hidden", so it
cannot be see within the "recent posts" sidebar/timeline.

when pasting some code, the usual hints are to
"keep your code lines under 80 characters long" and
"include comments to indicate what you need feedback on."

a "hidden paste" then results in somewhat the following:

  Information about your entry
  This entry is hidden. So don't lose your hidden id (1234CDEF)
  To link  to your entry use: paste.debian.net/hidden/1234CDEF
  To download your entry use: paste.debian.net/download_h/1234CDEF
  To see your entry as plain text use: paste.debian.net/plain_h/1234CDEF
  To delete your entry use: paste.debian.net/delete/1234CDEF0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF

see also:
http://www.titanpad.com
http://www.okfnpad.org
http://etherpad.tugraz.at/

== Doodle ==

create polls for making choices,
esp for scheduling an event.

example: http://www.doodle.com/t6mg9bn4zhy67835

== Presentations ==

every now and then you should share your knowledge
in a broadcasting such as a presentation or talk.

prezi
slideshare.net
slideboom.com
wbvazlgnyx.pbz

sharing stuff:
* pictures: flickr.com instagram.com
* sounds:   soundcloud.com
* videos:   youtube.com

magicpoint+ttp:
input as text/plain - output as pics.

LaTeX beamer class:
input text/plain - output as PostScript, PDF..

== Events ==

practise your talk.
practise it again.
give the talk for a friend.
give the talk to a colleague.
record your talk.
ask for feedback.

(i didnt this time. so -
 dont do as i do -
 just do as i say, okay?!)

university is a nice place to give a talk.
everybody is nice. noone will kill you.
everything is going to be fine.

conferences are challenges, however.
can you give your talk in front of a bigger audience?
can you be loud enough to be heard and still be clear?
can you use a microphone and the mouse of keyboard?
can you still give the talk when technical problems occur?
can you quickly answer questions in between?
can you deal with hecklers?
can you still finish on time?

go out there and register
yourself with your talk.  try this!
it's good experience.
and you will need it.
some day for sure.

are your slides online?  upload them!
are others allowed to use this?  licenses!
can you be contacted?  create a business card!

but there is not always an event happening
which can use your talk. not right now. sorry.

== Online Universities ==

practised your talk?  given it a few times?
are you firm in presenting it?
and people tell you that you should give that
talk again at some event?  again and again?
getting a little bored with it already?

then get it out there!
upload your slides.
eg prezi.com

however, good slides usually do not
contain all the text (as this page).
people who can see and read will
simply read text rather than listen.
(believe me, i know.)

so slides as such are not too helpful.
it needs all the words from the speaker
to make it come alive. and maybe also
the gestures, mimics, and intonation.
you may need to see the speaker
to fully understand his views.

then it is the time to *record*
you talk - and be done with it.
whoever wants to see it again
might as well go see it online.

examples:
    Khan's University
    MIT ...

through talks at events and recordings
you might eventually draw some attention.
people will contact you about your stuff.
dont hesitate to respond. you are back
to a personal level with people. great!

some people claim that this might only be
possible through the use of social software.
let's take a look at that:

== Social Software ==

"no (wo)man is an island" (John Donne)

    No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the
    continent, a part of the main. If a clod be washed away by the sea,
    Europe is the less, as well as if a promontory were, as well as if
    a manor of thy friend's or of thine own were. Any man's death
    diminishes me because I am involved in mankind; and therefore
    never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for thee.

by the way: *three* book title creates from this quote alone!

so.. what makes software *social*?
user of a software -> member of a community
instantly. no questions asked. jump right in!

http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Tortilla_Concept_Map.png
"Dateiverwendung: Keine Seite benutzt diese Datei."
and still these data are stored - again and again.

== mutt+vim ==

mutt - mail program (mail user agent)
vim  - text editor

mutt color setup
vim  syntax file

config/setup - text files!
always readable, short, copyable
take along your settings
reguard them as "wisdom"

== URL Shorteners ==

many URls are way too *long*.

example:
https://agnes.hu-berlin.de/lupo/rds?state=verpublish&status=init&vmfile=no&publishid=59556&moduleCall=webInfo&publishConfFile=webInfo&publishSubDir=veranstaltung

use URL shorteners!
example: http://tinyurl.com/hub-32801-denkwerkzeuge

afraid of what it might turn out to be?
example: http://preview.tinyurl.com/hub-32801-denkwerkzeuge

caveat: those services/sites can *die*.

URL team to the rescue!
http://urlte.am/releases/2011-12-31/README.txt
motto: "we are going to rescue your shit"!

== The Cloud ==

"data are safer in the cloud". what? NO!

what you are referring to is
the "safety through redundancy".
more copies raise the chance, that
at least one copy survives. okay.

repeat after me:
redundacy is good!
redundacy is good!
redundacy is good!

but what when you lose the connection to your copies?
where exactly are those copies, anyway?
where should you go and knock on which door?

my point:
for some safety you ought to know
where the servers *physically* are.
and you should know whom to talk to.
otherwise those copies are lost, too.

my advice is to choose a network
where you know the source of the data
and which is under your own control.

beispiel: disapora
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaspora_(software)
 distributed social network
 free software, pods, share

use your own server to set up a "pod".
freely share your data between pods.

-> meetup group for Diaspora at c-base
http://www.meetup.com/Diaspora/ 150 groups
http://www.meetup.com/Diaspora/Berlin-DE/
2013-01-24 @in-berlin

hint: www.in-berlin.de

so your data is now stored somewhere else.
and the usual question is: can we trust them?

== Paranoia ==

will they look at our data?
will they scan it for data?
will they keep copies of it?
will they sue us about it?

remember:

  just because you're not paranoid doesn't
  mean they're not out there to get you.

be safe!

== Privacy ==

what is privacy?  it's "copy control".
not by companies, but by yourself.
*you* control who receives a copy of your data.

once a copy is out there, you lose control over it.
that's how it is.  get over it.

however, companies and governments try to control their copies.
this is called Digital Rights Management (DRM):

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights_management
  Digital rights management (DRM) is a class of access control
  technologies that are used by hardware manufacturers, publishers,
  copyright holders, and individuals with the intent to
  limit the use of digital content and devices after sale.

with DRM, digital content cannot be bought
and owned, only rented.  for a limited time.
for a limited number of uses.

the next time you go online with your ebook device,
the owners just might delete ebooks from your device.
this is legal.  remember: an ebook is not property.

you think this isnt possible?  it already happened:
http://betanews.com/2009/07/17/media-goes-crazy-over-amazon-deleting-1984-from-kindle-but-99-cent-ebook-was-illegal-copy/

so remember:
your e-book is not yours. you do not own it.
you cannot rent it.  you cannot sell it.
you cannot hand it on to someone else.
you must not create copies, not even for backup.

when you rent the software - do you own your creations?
or are they owned by the owners of the software you *rent*?

  "Freedom does not constitute the
   freedom to copy works of others.
   Piracy is not simply illegal,
   it is first of all unfair."
  http://f4m8.soup.io/post/298753805/Image

  http://f4m8.soup.io/post/298753458/Image
  be excellent to each other - or else!

== Security ==

Safety   is protection against accidental events;
security is protection against intentional damages.

http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-safety-and-vs-security/
Difference Between Safety and Security
"While safety is protection against hazards (accidents that are unintentional),
 security is a state of feeling protected against
 threats that are deliberate and intentional."

when you give a copy of your data to someone
then he will be able to look at at - out of
curiosity or by force - legally or illegally.

digital self-defense:  encryption!

encryption is not legal everywhere.
china  forbids it (of course).
france forbids it (wtf??).
usa: pgp is "ammunition".

use encryption to keep others from
"accidentally" snooping on your data.

why? do you have anything to hide?
"yes - my privacy."

Phil Zimmermann (creator of PGP) in 1991:
"If privacy is outlawed, only outlaws will have privacy."
http://www.philzimmermann.com/EN/essays/WhyIWrotePGP.html

megaupload.com -> mega.com
before upload, data is automatically encrypted
on the client side (ie with the data holder).
mega stores only the encrypted data.
the key is stored with the uploader.
mega does not know the key -
and cannot decrypt it, either.

== Summary ==

text is fundamental for keeping a copy of our thoughts.
now we can easily create texts with our computers.
there is an abundance for tools deal with text.

we can store them locally on our machines,
but the internet is the medium to easily
send our data to other machines - for storage.
use it.  create copies of your thoughts!

we can share our texts and collaborate on them.
versioning is automatically included. use it!

but if you do not want others to look
into our data - use encryption.
have other sites store your *encrypted* data.

== The End ==

Death of Culture:
http://f4m8.soup.io/post/298755483/Saturday-Morning-Breakfast-Cereal

make the best of the internet -
while it is still allowed!

thankyou for listening and
thankyou for your questions.

questions?

== Events ==

some upcoming events at a place near you:

World Usability Day 2012
http://2012.wud-berlin.de/

UXcamp Europe 2012 #uxce12
http://uxcampeurope.org
2012-05-26+27
Erwin-Schrödinger-Zentrum Adlershof
Rudower Chaussee 26, 12489 Berlin
http://www.esz.hu-berlin.de/
http://www.flickr.com/groups/uxcampeurope2012/

UXcamp Europe 2013 #uxce13
https://www.facebook.com/groups/196246871302/10151477369121303/

2013-03-16+17 Sat+Sun CLT
Chemnitzer Linux Tage
chemnitzer.linux-tage.de

2013-05-22-25 Wed-Sat LT
LinuxTag in Berlin
www.linuxtag.org

2013-04-20 Sat GLT
Grazer Linux-Tag (GLT)
www.linuxtage.at

FOSDEM (bruessel),
FrOSCon (bonn),
FSCONS (goeteborg)

OHM2013.org
Observe. Hack. Make.
in summer, in NL.

== Links ==

aka "Homework" ;-)

== read  ==

Why You Really Need to Learn to Code, Starting Now
http://bostinno.com/2012/12/11/why-you-really-need-to-learn-to-code-starting-now/

http://c4lpt.co.uk/top100tools/
A summary of the Top 100 Tools 2012 and
where the Top 100 Tools are mainly being used –
ie for Personal/Professional learning/productivity,
in Education and/or in the Enterprise (for training,
performance support and/or team collaboration).

http://www.rheingold.com/texts/tft/1.html
Tools for Thought by Howard Rheingold
especially chapter nine.

== watch ==

Amy Cuddy: Your body language shapes who you are
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ks-_Mh1QhMc

Aimee Mullins: How my legs give me super-powers
http://blog.ted.com/2009/03/11/aimee_mullins_12/

Evelyn Glennie: How to truly listen
http://www.ted.com/talks/evelyn_glennie_shows_how_to_listen.html

Randy Pausch - Last Lecture (76:27min):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ji5_MqicxSoShare

  Randy Pausch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Pausch

  The Last Lecture | Randy Pausch
  http://www.thelastlecture.com/

== Remember ==

Life can be fun! :-)

== License ==

the license of this talk is
    cc-by-nc-sa

explanation:
    cc      it's a creative commons license
    by      please mention the name of the author
    nc      non-commercial. do NOT use commercial purposes.
    sa      share-alike. whatever you make of it -
            the result MUST bear this license.

see also: http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

== TODO ==

== licenses ==

"sharing is caring"

but how?  legally?

* public domain
* open source
* free software
* creative commons

* GPL, LGPL, MIT, Apache, Mozilla..

special:
www.wtfpl.net
WTFPL - Do What the Fuck You Want to Public License
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WTFPL

http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2007/04/pick-a-license-any-license.html
Pick a License, Any License

== Wikis ==

collaboration in wikis:
one connection sends editing request
and is granted this for some time.
then "saving" the text actually
sends it back to the webserver
where it will be merged with
the already existing text.
conflicts may occur and
have to be resolved by
the connecting client.

"one editor at a time".. that's it. really.
"your call is important to us..  please hold..."

drawback:
you need an online connection during
the time of your editing.
you must adjust to editing within a browser window
(no undo+redo) and within a given time frame.
you should not lose the connection;
different IP number means a different host,
and then you have to login *again*.

ikiwiki.info
check out the text, edit it, check it in again.
choose your favourite repository tool,
choose your favourite wiki dialect,
choose your favourite editor.
freedom to choose! :-)

== Show&Tell ==

examples for a wiki and a pad.

== Screen ==

screen.. now GNU screen.. was created in 1987 -
at the TUB (Technical Universitaet Berlin).
it is like a window manager for the terminal.
you would switch between full screen windows,
each running one process/program/task.
you can give names and numbers to windows,
you can even split the screen into subwindows (regions).

but it really gets interesting when you realize
that your view on the windows can be *shared*.
you can allow others to have their own view on
all windows.  they can watch what you are doing.
this may sound scary, but relax, your view
is *not* visible to anyone by default.
you specifically have to turn this on.

imagine talking to someone on the phone
about a problem you have on your computer.
instead of answering the question of
"what are you seeing now?", you simply
talk about what you *both* can see.

you can also allow other viewers to give
input to your processes (write access).
now the other person may be able to
show you how your problem can be solved.

here you can definitely collaborate on the
same processes.  restriction: you both must
have an account on the same machine.

you can even log off and keep screen running -
and it will keep your processes runnning, too.
when you log on again, then you simply create
a viewing process to the session with
a command and continue working on it.

there is another window manager for the
terminal - tmux (terminal multiplexer).

and the whole idea is not only available
to processes running in a terminal -
there are systems which allow access
to a computer, running a desktop, too.

== Perspektivendiagramm ==

was weiss ich bereits?
was will ich wissen?
was ist positiv bzw
negativ an der sache?

i have never seen software people
creating such a diagram. ever.
but it sure is worth asking
yourself these questions.

dont get discouraged.
keep asking developers!
some day they might get it.

== Mindmaps ==

a note on mindmaps.

mindmaps.. are trees.
the topic is somewhere in the middle,
as the root or stem of the tree.
you add more words to the map,
connecting it to the root -
and thus creating twigs.
adding more and more gives
a tree with its root, twigs,
and leaves at the ends.

note: usually, no connection from the
leaves ever go back to a previous one.
you can add more and connect them to leaves,
turning leaves into extended twigs.
but there is no way back. no circles.

so we have created a tree which has
no circles.  the nice thing about it:
you can have that turned into
an ordered list automatically.
the software can do it for you.

the problem with mindmap software:
once you save such a structure and
load it into the program again,
it may look completely different.

at least that was my experience with
mindmap software some years ago.
and i didnt like it at all.  sorry.
hopefully it is better now.

mindmeister.com

== Transmission ==

the model of a transmission seems pretty easy.
the sender sends his message through
a channel to the recipient.
another name for channel is "medium".

* Sender
* Message
* Channel
* Recipient

OSI Modell

== Syncronization ==

once you got your copies of data elsewhere
you may lose track of the versions of files.
in that case you may to synchronize them.
there are tools to do this - but also
services which do that for you.

== Schedule ==

* single maschine, single user
* single maschine, multiple users (time sharing, Multics, Unix)
* several maschines, local network
* several maschines, wide area network
* lots of maschines, internet

* client+server

service:
* file storage
* versioning

asynchronous changing/editing:
* repositories
* wikis

synchronous changing/editing:
* pads

ikiwiki:
* free choice of revision access tool
* free choice of wiki syntax
* free choice of local editor
* offline editing

== ... ==

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_software
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaboration_tool
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_collaboration
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_collaboration

Chat aside - either included, or as an extra

- Circuspony, Notebook, Papers / Mendeley
- Lyx, Tinderbox, Scrivener

== Toolface ==

so many buttons around your text area..
do you really need to see them all the time?

toggle command to full screen of text area (workspace).

== TODO ==

Sharepoint
Google Docs

folders.io
ge.tt

tools let you be creative.
you can create new data from scratch,
you can change your created data,
you can import data from others, and 
you can export it to others.  great.

there are sites to gather exported data,
create groups and sets of people,
let them converse in forums, and
notify each other of updates.  great.

the difficult part is concerting the data
between formats, and allowing people to
change the same data at the same time.

nobody wants to "backup",
everyone wants "restore".
automized versioning keeps your
mind off the "save" command.

special tools:
create electrical circuits, floor plans for buildings,

tools for creating text -> text editors!
darkeditor, easynote, kustomnote, notepad and simple notepad,
word flow, writebox.

tools galore!
tools which keep being re-invented:
* bookmarks
* calculators
* calendars
* clocks (world)
* date+time (countdown, stop watch, timer)
* diaries and notes
* dictionaries and translators
* password generators+briefcases
* todo lists
* unit converters
* weather forecast

the three big types if data:
* pictures (visible)
* sounds (audible)
* texts (readable)

* decrypt/encrypt
* calculate hash sums
* host lookup (IP)
* nslookup+whois (DNS)
* ping + traceroute
* proxies (Tor)
* show my ip
* show open ports
* speed test (download/upload)
* ssh (telnet)

interface changes:
* vichrome
* vimium

* speech 2 text (input)
* text 2 speech (output)
* spell checker
* translation

* instapaper, readlater

just upload your data..
DANGER, WILL ROBINSON!
ask yourself: do you really want to give away
a copy of your personal, private data to
people behind a website you dont know?
do you trust people enough to NOT blackmail or compromise you,
your family and friends, your business and your LIFE?

* different versions of software
* different setup of fonts
* collaborators cannot meet because they are apart
* backups + restore
* footnotes, formulas, glossaries, tables, lists (verzeichnisse), index

pastebin.com

end-to-end-encryption:
https://plus.google.com/105160563500133624225
smartdroid.de

owncloud.org apps fuer android+iphone:
https://owncloud.com/overview/mobileapps

https://github.com/haiwen/seafile
Self-hosting dropbox for teams. 

www.hide.io
www.kepard.com

www.priv.ly

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